FMC Carswell in Fort Worth, Texas opened in 1994 inside the former base hospital of Carswell Air Force Base, which had closed the year before and was converted into a federal medical facility rather than built from scratch. It's the Bureau of Prisons' only medical center dedicated to women, serving as the national referral site for female inmates with significant physical or mental health needs, regardless of their security classification elsewhere in the system. The core of the campus is a five-story former hospital building now equipped for several hundred patients, and there's also a minimum-security satellite camp on the grounds for women who don't require the same level of medical oversight. Because it draws medically complex cases from across the country, the population includes women serving everything from short minimum-security sentences to long terms tied to serious health conditions. Carswell has occasionally been in the news over conditions and staffing concerns common to BOP medical facilities. For families, it helps to know that a loved one at Carswell may be there specifically because of a medical or mental health need, which can affect transfer eligibility and day-to-day routines compared to a standard prison.