FCI Butner Medium II is the newest of the four institutions that make up the Butner Federal Correctional Complex, having opened in 2006, three decades after the original medium-security facility and about a decade after the low-security unit and medical center were added. It's a standalone medium-security prison for male inmates, built to expand the complex's overall capacity as the federal system grew, and it now holds one of the larger populations on the Butner campus, with reported numbers in the range of 1,500 or more inmates. As the most recently constructed building in the complex, it doesn't carry the same decades-long track record as Medium I or the well-documented medical history of FMC Butner, and there's relatively little distinct public history tied specifically to this unit beyond its role as a newer addition built to handle growing demand. Like its sister facilities, it shares the broader Butner campus in Durham and Granville counties but functions as its own separate institution with its own housing, staff, and inmate population.